The James-Lange Theory of Emotion, proposed independently by psychologist William James and physiologist Carl Lange in the late 19th century, marks a foundational shift in understanding emotions. This theory posits that emotions result from our perceptions of bodily reactions to stimuli, rather than being the cause of those reactions. In […]
Leon Festinger’s Cognitive Dissonance Theory, demonstrated through the famous “boring task” experiment in 1959, is a cornerstone in social psychology. Festinger and Carlsmith conducted this experiment to explore the relationships between attitudes, behaviours, and cognitive dissonance. Cognitive dissonance refers to the uncomfortable tension that comes from holding two conflicting thoughts […]
Paul Ekman’s theory of universal emotions is a seminal contribution to the field of psychology, proposing that certain emotions are universal to all humans, transcending cultural and geographical boundaries. Based on his research in the 1960s and 1970s, which included studies of the Fore people in Papua New Guinea, Ekman […]
