Miller’s Seven, formally known as Miller’s Law, is a classic theory in cognitive psychology that was proposed by psychologist George A. Miller in his influential 1956 paper, “The Magical Number Seven, Plus or Minus Two: Some Limits on Our Capacity for Processing Information.” This theory posits that the number of […]
Broadbent’s Bottleneck Theory, introduced by psychologist Donald Broadbent in the 1950s, is a foundational concept in the field of cognitive psychology, specifically within the study of attention. The theory attempts to explain how the brain processes vast amounts of sensory information to avoid overload by filtering out less important information, […]
Embodied cognition is a groundbreaking theory in cognitive science that challenges traditional views of cognition. This theory posits that cognitive processes are deeply rooted in the body’s interactions with the world. Rather than seeing cognition as a process that occurs only in the brain, embodied cognition suggests that it involves […]
Loftus’s False Memories theory, developed by cognitive psychologist Elizabeth Loftus, explores the malleability of human memory and its susceptibility to distortion and fabrication. This theory has significantly influenced the fields of psychology, law, and cognitive science, revealing how memories can be altered by subsequent information or suggestions, leading to the […]
Noam Chomsky’s theory of Universal Grammar is a pivotal concept in the field of linguistics, fundamentally altering our understanding of language acquisition and structure. Introduced in the 1950s, Universal Grammar proposes that the ability to acquire language is innate to humans, equipped with a pre-existing set of grammatical structures common […]
The Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis, also known as linguistic relativity, posits that the language one speaks influences one’s perception of reality. Formulated by Edward Sapir and his student Benjamin Lee Whorf in the early 20th century, this hypothesis suggests that language structure can affect cognitive processes, shaping the way individuals think about […]
Martin Seligman’s theory of Prepared Learning offers a fascinating insight into the evolutionary aspects of learning and phobia development. Introduced in the 1970s, this theory posits that humans and other animals are innately predisposed to rapidly learn to fear certain objects or situations that have historically posed significant threats to […]
Anders Ericsson’s 10000 Hour Rule, popularized by Malcolm Gladwell in his book “Outliers,” posits that achieving mastery in any field requires roughly 10,000 hours of dedicated practice. This concept, while often simplified in public discourse, is rooted in Ericsson’s extensive research into the nature of expertise and performance. Ericsson’s work, […]
The Flynn Effect refers to the observed rise in standardized intelligence test scores over the 20th century, named after the New Zealand intelligence researcher James R. Flynn. This phenomenon suggests that average IQ scores increase by approximately three points per decade, a trend that has been documented in various countries […]
Prospect Theory, developed by Daniel Kahneman and Amos Tversky in 1979, revolutionized the field of economics and psychology by introducing a realistic way of understanding how people make decisions under risk and uncertainty. This theory contrasts with the classical economic theory of expected utility, which assumes that individuals act rationally […]
